Symbolism in A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams :: Tennessee Williams, A Streetcar Named Desire

Tennessee Williams novel, A Streetcar Named Desire, is the story of the brutish Stanley Kowalski and his meek wife Stella, a advanced Orleans couple whose lives are saturnine upside down with the arrival of Stellas neurotic, Southern belle sister Blanche who is immediately drawn into a battle of wills with Stanley. Blanches childlike helplessness, romantic desires, and pretensions to aristocracy completely collapse when Stanleys unpitying exposure of her past brings about Blanches terminal disintegration. When reading the scenes, the symbolism struck me as the most prominent aspect of the novel. Williams uses symbolism throughout the novel to come up the plot of the story, character growth, and foreshadowing of future events in the novel. In this essay, I have chosen a few symbols to discuss how Williams uses them in his novel. In addition, maven symbolic event will show evidence of foreshadowing a future event in the novel. Throughout the novel, Williams has referred to animal istic behavior and virtues. He presents New Orleans as a jungle a metaphor Williams uses to portray the primitive, sub-human nature of its inhabitants. Stanley epitomizes this as he represents the brutes of society that dominate in this jungle. Williams conveys both tomography and dialogue to portray this notion throughout the novel as Stanley performs brutish acts and declares, I am the king around here, so dont you forget it. Beating his wife Stella is one significant act that portrays Stanleys brutish characteristics. In addition, throughout the novel Stanley presents himself as a self-important brute, driven by the force of desire that enables him to amplify in the jungle that really is his Elysian Fields. Examining the climax, it is apparent that the animalistic predisposition are out in full force in Stanley as he parades around in a vivid green silk bowling shirt and brilliant silk pajamas. Therefore, the rape is a result of an act of brutal desire in its most futile form, stemming from animal impulses and hostility that propelled the two towards each other. The rape is an act in which each character is at the peak of their battle, which is to be the final hand in the game of desire. Furthermore, a symbolic event that I believe foreshadows the rape is when Stella pours Blanche a drink, a coke with a shot of whiskey. It overflows and spills spume on Blanches dress. Upset by being dirty and violated, Blanche screams with a piercing cry about stains on her pastel-colored dress.

The Judgment of Paris and The Miracle of the Fishes Artwork Essay

How often do we devour things in life that expect a double-take, a second glance, a follow-up look, or even multiple subsequent studies? The answer is kinda simple everyday. The things we often look at a second time ar often not intellectually worth the look, whether it be an irrational teenager attempting some outrageous skateboarding stunt, a monkey drinking its own urine, or even a two-headed cat, people have stopped spending their second or third glances on things that are meaningful and sensible. As a result people have lost the appreciation of evaluating and scrutinizing art and often dont think of looking at it a second or third time to really look at it. Sure people go to museums and galleries, but nowadays, how many of them actually experiment and conceive the painters thoughts or motivation for the paintings? Upon my search two paintings really stuck out to me and required second and third inquiries, The Judgment of Paris and The Miracle of the Fishes two making me reverse to make a suitable judgment of my own. By looking at paintings multiple times in person a viewer can see different details and aspects of the painting theyre looking at or studyingmaking their observations more accurate and varied upon a second or third scrutiny. In these two paintings by Jacob Jordaens, The Miracle of the Fishes and The Judgment of Paris, there are many similar and contrasting ideas. From a first glance they are quite different The judgment of Paris is centered on the three Goddesses and their surrounding aura that is the bright center of the painting while The Miracle of the Fishes seems to have a rather dark and almost gloomy center. However, upon a second examination or a more thorough look one begins to notice an abundance of... ...utinize both paintings multiple times I was able to gather enough information to make accurate analyses. Even without seeing every miniscule detail a decent analysis can be made if an adequate amount of details is observed, whether the observation is in person or from a picture. Seeing a painting in person and being able to get close and look at the minute details allows a person to more accurately describe or analyze a painting. Works Cited1.Julius S. Held and Donald Posner. 17th &18th century art baroque painting, sculpture, and architecture, sore York H.N Abrams, 19712.Jacob Jordaens. The Artchive. 28 Sep. 2006 http//artchive.com/artchive/J/jordaens.html3.Malcolm Gladwell. Blink, New York Little, Brown and Company, 20054.Jacob Jordaens. The Getty. 28 Sep. 2006 http//www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=359

Role of Visions and Hallucinations in Macbeth Essay examples -- Macbet

In Shakespeares Macbeth, Macbeths visions and hallucinations play a significant role and contribute to the increment of his character. In the play Macbeth, a man is driven to murder his king and his companions after receiving a fairly ambiguous prophecy told by three witches. Although the witches triggered the series of regularts that later aid Macbeths descent into complete insanity, Macbeth is portrayed from the very beginning as a fierce and violent soldier. As the play goes on, several(prenominal) internal conflicts inside of Macbeth become clear. After he performs several bloody tasks, the insanity inside of Macbeth is unmistakably visible to everyone around him. As a take of this insanity, he sees visions and hallucinations. Each time Macbeth hallucinates, he plunges further into insanity that is essentially caused by misguided ambition, dread and guilt. Macbeth has three key hallucinations that play a good important role in the development of his character a dagger, the ghost of Banquo, and four apparitions while visiting the prophesying witches. Macbeths first hallucination and sign of madness comes directly before his wife and he murder King Duncan. After hearing from the witches that he will become the king and conversing with his wife about this, the cardinal of them decide they must kill Duncan. From the beginning of the play, we see Macbeth is a loyal warrior, albeit a vicious one with no trouble killing. It is in the first motion-picture show that Macbeths brutality is illustrated. An army captain reported For brave Macbeth (well he deserves that name), Disdaining Fortune, with his brandished steel, Which smoked with bloody execution, Like valors minion, carved out his passage Till he faced the slave Which neer sh... .... His insanity was a result of ambition taken much too far, ambition mutated and born-again into evil by internal as well as social conflict Macbeths wife did nothing to prevent Macbeths sickness and real helped the pr oblem develop. From his ambition came actions that filled his mind with conflict, dread, suspicion and guilt. It could be said that Macbeth was insane from the beginning, from the moment that the witches appeared to him in the third scene of the play or even from when he carved out his bloody passage in battle. Whether Macbeth was insane his whole life or just from the moment he first dictum the imaginary dagger, it is indisputable that his visions and hallucinations only helped to supplement his lunacy. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Boston D.C. Heath and Company, 1915. Google Books. Web. 3 Sept. 2015.

Essay --

There is an old saying that claims that it is better to risk saving a guilty soulfulness than to condemn an innocent one. While many choose to follow unjust traditions, others choose to pursue the path of justice. In Harper Lees To overcome A Mockingbird, the mockingbird is a symbol of innocence that should never be killed It is harmless and provides a song for the enjoyment of others. Furthermore, three characters from the novel are considered symbolical mockingbirds. hiss Radley, not convicted of any real charges, has f anyen into a trap of tales that have gone around the town. tom turkey Robinson is accused of raping a white charwoman with no substantial evidence proving him guilty. He is shot down while trying to escape prison. Lastly, Scout, the narrator of the book, is an innocent five-year-old girl. As the novel progresses, she starts to witness racial prejudice which is something that no minor should come in contact with during her childhood. By exposing their innocent n atures, we see how Boo, Tom Robinson and Scout are the mockingbirds in this novel.In reality, Boo has done nothing wrong. His confinement began when he, along with some other people, had played a prank and gotten into some trouble with the law. Later in his life, a rumor is spread that he had stabbed his father with scissors. Forced to stay in the house for his behavior, Boo becomes the center of gossip and rumors that spread throughout the town. He did not do did any of the things of which he was accused instead, all he wanted to accomplish was to befriend Jem and Scout. He left them gifts in the oak tree. Scout complains to Jem, Ive been chewin it all afternoon and I aint dead yet, not even sick (45). Jem is completely astonished when he discovers that Scout took the ... ... newspaper editor, despises negroes yet supports Tom Robinson Mr. Underwood simply figured it was a sin to kill cripples, be they standing, sitting or escaping. He likened Toms death to the senseless thrashin g of songbirds by hunters and children(323). Even though it is obvious that Mr. Underwood does not like negroes, he writes about the injustice done upon Tom Robinson. Similar to killing a mockingbird, Tom is killed for a crime he had never committed and harm that he had never brought.Scout is one of the most innocent people in this book. During the course of this book, she goes through events and experiences, that no child should ever witness at a young age. On one hand, her father Atticus, is trying to teach her to bed moral life and make the right decisions. On the other hand however, she is open to influences of a town filled with racism and prejudice.

Hawthorne?s Symbolism In The House Of Seven Gables Essay examples -- e

American Literature reflects life, and the struggles that we faceduring our existence. The great authors of our time incorporate lifesproblems into their literary works directly and indirectly. The storiesthemselves bluntly tell us a story, however, an author also uses symbolisationsto relay to us his message in a more subtle manner. In NathanielHawthornes book The House of 7 Gables symbolism is eloquently usedto enhance the story being told, by giving us a deeper insight into theauthors intentions in writing the story.The book begins by describing the most obvious symbol of the domicilitself. The house itself takes on merciful like characteristics as it isbeing described by Hawthorne in the opening chapters. The house isdescribed as "breathing through the spiracles of one great chimney"(Hawthorne 7). Hawthorne uses descriptive lines like this toturn the house into a symbol of the lives that have passed through itshalls. The house takes on a persona of a living marion ette that existsand influences the lives of everybody who enters through its doors.(Colacurcio 113) "So much of mankinds varied experience had passedthere - so much had been suffered, and something, too, enjoyed - thatthe very timbers were oozy, as with the moisture of a heart." (Hawthorne27). Hawthorne turns the house into a symbol of the collection of allthe hearts that were darkened by the house. "It was itself like a greathuman heart, with a life of its own, and full of ample and somberreminiscences" (Hawthorne 27). Evert Augustus Duyckinck agrees that "Thechief perhaps, of the dramatis personae, is the house itself. From itsturrets to its kitchen, in every nook and recess without and within, itis alive and vital." (Hawthorne 352) Duyckinck feels that the house ismeant to be used as a symbol of an actual character, "Truly it is anactor in the scene"(Hawthorne 352). This turns the house into aninteresting, but still depressing place that darkens t he book in manyways. Hawthorne means for the houses gloomy atmosphere to symbolizemany things in his book.The house also is used to symbolize a prison that has darkened thelives of its inmates forever. The house is a prison because it preventsits inhabitants form truly enjoying any freedom. The inhabitants try toescape from their incarceration twice. Initially, as Phoebe andC... .... Hawthorne meant to not only entertain with his writings, butalso to certify if possible. This explains the extensive use ofsymbolism in his work. Overall, Hawthorne did not just write a story, he wrote a classic that has stood the test of time.Works CitedAbel, Darrel. The Moral bewitching Studies in Hawthornes Fiction. Indiana Purdue UP, 1988.Arac, Jonathan. "The House and the Railroad Dombey and Son and TheHouse of the Seven Gables." The New England Quarterly volume LI (1978) 3 - 22.Colacurcio, Michael. "The Sense of an generator The Familiar Life andStrange Imaginings of Nathaniel Hawt horne." ESQ 103 (1981) 113.Crowley, Donald. Hawthorne The Critical Heritage. London W & JMackay Co. Ltd., 1970.Erlich, Gloria. Family Themes and Hawthornes Fiction The TenaciousWeb. New Jersey Rutgers UP, 1984.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The House of Seven Gables An Authoritative TextBackgrounds and Sources Essays in Criticism. Ed. Seymour Gross. NewYork W W Norton & Co.,1967.Kaul, A., ed. Hawthorne A Collection of Critical Essays. New Jersey Prentice - Hall Inc., 1966.Rountree, Thomas, ed. Critics on Hawthorne. Florida U of Miami P,1972.

Medieval Castles :: essays research papers

Medieval CastlesMedieval Castles were huge cling toion camps made to protect the king. They had every kind of defense known to medieval man. From murder holes, to arrow-loops, a fortification had it. Medieval castles were usually built on a high uncut cliff located by water. Castle locations were very hard to find and sometimes months were spent looking for one. A moat was built around the castle and was usually filled with sewage and bathroom goodies. All these things played an important part in keeping the castle strong and ready to fight. A coupling other defenses the castle had were murder holes soldiers would dump many things on the sieging warriors. Another tactic was the arrow-loops a small slender cut in the castle paries that arrows could be shot by from but not in to. See Diagram. Castles also had huge 20-foot walls to be protected from. Only two-ways in or out from the wall were present. One in the front of the castle where two iron gates had to be broken. Another g ate was located somewhere towards the back of the castle. It was a secret gate that was very hard to find, and only the king knew where the gate had been hidden. The gate was used during an attack to escape from the siege. In the middle of the castle in that respect was a huge building called the keep. This is where the king and queen slept, the kitchen and armory was also located inside. The dinning quarters (the largest room inside) was used very frequent and many employees were depute to it. The castle was the heart and soul of the country. The king and queen and all of their loyal servants were inside, running the

Describe and explain the changes that take place in land use of the River Tees drainage basin

In the first course of the River Tees, the knowledge base is usually not usable. at that place is snow melt from the mountains, this characters dead bea and not crops feces be grown and the conditions be too harsh for any animals in Britain to live in. This overly ca practises genuinely snowy, rainy and cold hold up which also makes it impossible for pastoral farming. There is also marshy moorlands roughly the source, so again the land can not be used for any form of faming. There is also the hilly situation. The land is not flat as it runs gobble up then Pennines, the coordinate spurs cause a large difference in land angles and a v-shaped valley is formed around the river.This is not ideal for farming, travelling and, because of the poor weather conditions, the rain will run down the lands, possibly causing floods. A bit lower down the river, the weather is not so extreme and the land is used for sheep grazing. There is not much grass so on that point is not much availa ble. There is also the Cow Green reservoir, on the Tees itself create in 1970. This means that the water can be controlled by humans, therefore stopping excess water pouring through the river. This means the flood homelike is going to be usable for farming because the river flow will be controlled, therefore stopping floods which would ruin the land.This also helps the risk of flooding further down the course by lowering the hydraulic action. High Force waterfall is a large feature of the Rive Tees. It affects the land because it is constantly forming a englut of recession. This happens because the soft rock, limestone underneath the hard rock, Whinstone is eroded by the water, this causes the hard rock to fall. This cycle is repeated and the waterfall slowly moves up the river. This is also a tourist attraction, which could cause the land to be quite rough due to walkers, tourists and their cars.There is also pastoral farming around the waterfall, because the land is unaffected by the water, due to the low plunge pool. In the midst course, the shape of the river obviously changes. Higher up it was reasonably straight and narrow, with many small tributaries. In the center course of the Tees, there are many large meanders and the river is actually wide and with only a few large tributaries. This changes the land quite a lot. The meanders cause change in the river course. Ox-bow lakes are formed by the large hydraulic action eroding the insides of meanders, cutting of the curve.This will then eventually dry up and leave meander scars on the land. This could mean the scars grow different land to the surrounding area and not suitable in comparison. For example if the land around a meander scar is used for arable farming, but a newly grown section is suitable for pastoral farming, there is wasted land. The meanders are so large that form Darlington to Teesmouth it is 30km as the crow flies, but going by river it is 75km long. And in the 19th centaury, some of the river was manually cut-off to shorten boat journeys up to Stockton and Yarm, so it was even longer.In 1810, the Tees Navigation Company cut the neck of the Mandale Loop, a large meander near Stockton. This shortened the route by 4km and more was artificially straightened. The water now moves faster but the flood risk is also lower. The meanders also cause a high-pitcheder risk of flood, because the water travels very fast in large quantities. This means the surrounding land is fertile and used for agriculture. In this course of the river, the meanders home a small town called Yarm which is a historic market town. Yarm has a few settlements and a local church. This means the land is civilised and is used for transport and living on.Yarm was once an Inland manner which was prone to flooding. A Flood Defence Scheme was set up in Yarm and spent i2. 1 million on reducing the flood risk. They reinforce concrete walls, built flood gates, used gabions to protect walls and embankmen ts, built fishing platforms and replanted any land that was ruined by floods. In the lower part of the middle course, in-between Stockton and Yarm, a barrage was built in 1995. It cost i54 million to build and controls 22km of river. It was built because it was harshly affecting the surrounding land because of the permanent high tide, resulting in a very high flood risk.Because it has lowered the flood risk and there is also no tidal mix now, it is a gun for 500 million of investment in offices, houses, education, leisure and shopping. This obviously changes the land use as it is not used for farming but more sparing purposes. The key points of how land use has changed in the Middle course to the upper because it is a lot flatter, has larger meanders and has an urban settlement. In the lower course of the river there are large areas of flat muddy land. This land is used for migratory birds and seals for example, hence why they are called Seal Sands.However, the majority of the land use in the lower course of the Tees in industrial. It homes oil refineries, aluminium smelters, stockyard, railways and more. This causes pollution in the river and the surrounding land, and is both domestic and industrial, because there are also many settlements. This has been helped of late by the Government, who closed down some industry and waste has been cleaned. The land around the mouth of the river is very marshy with some drained land as well. It is impossible to grow crops on and to use pastorally. It is very industrial supporting many boats with imports and boats with exports.It is very urban with large settlements and cities. It is much wider than the rest of the river and the water is very deep for shipping. Bridges have also been made, encouraging the land to be used for transport. Overall, there is a very large change of land use throughout the drainage basin of the River Tees. It starts of being very marshy and in an extremely quiet location, becoming more arable a nd pastoral, then small settlements are introduced. Next the farming is not longer appropriate and the settlements are larger, with a very large industrial area at the bottom of the river.

A more personal essay about betrayal Essay

Over the past few years, I have gained much intimacy about betrayal. I have come to believe that it is close to the worst thing that people fire do to each other (besides murder), and its something that happens more than and more as one grows older. By definition, betrayal lav mean to be unfaithful, to deliver something to an enemy by treachery, or to desert a soulfulness in the time of need. Obviously, this can tell a person a couple of things. First of all, betrayal is a broad subject, and secondly, it is downright malicious.The first manikin of betrayal that I have given is to be unfaithful. In my eyes, this is probably the worst form of betrayal. I think this because I have been cheated on and I know that the feeling one gets when he or she finds out about the affair is absolutely heart wrenching. At first, I went to pieces when I found out, save then I got over it and I forgave my boyfriend (at that time). Big mistake. He never stopped lying to me, and to this day he stil l does ,even though we arent together anymore. I guess I should have thought twice and listened to the popular saying Once a cheater, always a cheater.The next model that I choose to represent betrayal was to deliver something to an enemy by treachery. Many people have experienced this, but the largest upset was most probably when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. The Japanese government was trying to side with the Germans during World War II. The Japanese told the United States that they would not do anything, but then they bombed us, deviation our country open for anything that could come our way from the Germans. I think that is betrayal because the Japanese lied to our country. Although, I guess things turned out for the better in the end our economy went up slightly and the Japanese were avengedtwice.My last example of betrayal is to desert a person in the time of need. I believe that this instance is best depicted in Hamlet, a play by William Shakespeare. Prince Hamlets mot her, uncle, and friends all desert him in his time of need, which was later on his pay backs death. This may sound quite confusing, but Claudius (Hamlets uncle) killed Hamlets father. Not even amonth after the fathers death, Claudius and Queen Gertrude (Hamlets mother) are joined in wedlock. Nobody thought that Hamlet was sane because of everything that had happened to him. His friends werent very confessedly to him and his mother wouldnt believe that Claudius killed his father. For those reasons, I feel that everyone betrayed Hamlet in the sense that they deserted him in his special time of need.As one can see, betrayal is a harshly wounding action. It can leave an imprint on a persons heart for many years and it can also make them lose trust in loved ones. To be betrayed is to be completely deceived, and that is a hard thing to endure. I say this because I know it. It has happened to me and I will never forget it, but I have definitely overcome the pain.

Radiation Therapy

1. What concepts in the chapter ar illustrated in this case? What ethical issues atomic number 18 raised by radiation therapy engineering? Basic concepts that are covered in this case are responsibility, accountability and liability. Ethical issues that are raised by radiation technology is when scientist is finding slipway to use radiation therapy to destroy cancerous cells while making sure that healthy cells are non beingness harmed. An incident occurred where Mr. Jerome-Parks experienced deafness and near-blindness, ulcers in his mouth and throat, persistent nausea, and severe pain. (Laudon, 2012, p. 131). Organizations did not take the time to properly use up doctors and medical technicians therefore incidents like Jerome-Parks happens. The weapons that are used to cure patients are not being appropriately updated and watch carefully. In this case study we can see that the technicians are not being fully accountable and being careless, and doctors that are not getting t he full training for operating the mechanism. 2. What management, organization and technology factors that was responsible for the hassles detailed in this case?The management, organization and technology factors were responsible for the problems detailed in this case because they failed to provide extensive training for doctors, technicians, and machine operations as well as insufficient staffs. They should have thought of creating a mandatory checklist for employees each time the machine was being used. The leave out of knowledge on the machines, the lack of reporting these incidents for future references instead the doctors and technicians do not troubleshoot the problem unless it is serious and by that time the patient(s) is already injured.The machines were not well designed, there was software glitch and the complexity of new Linear accelerator technology has not been accompanied by with appropriate updates in software (Laudon, 2012, p. 132). 3. Do you feel that any of the groups involved with this issue (hospital administrators, technicians, medical equipment, and software makers) should accept the majority of the break up for these incidents? I feel as if they are all responsible for this issue because if the medical equipment, software manufacturer and technicians were the first people who would be experiencing the machine.The software manufacturer designed the software so they should have known if there was any error that was missed during the trial and error stage. If there was they shouldve continued with more inquiry until the software was nearly perfect because it is what operated the entire machine. The software was the main source of machine to operate because those software engineers were hired for a reason and they had responsibility in executing the errors and debugging them. This also would go on to the medical equipment and technicians because these technicians should already have knowledge on what is right and what is wrong.Technici ans are the one that tries out the machine at the hospital first they are the one that have the main knowledge on how these machines should be operating. All these three should be responsible for this issue since they are part in creating the machine and testing it out. 4. How would a central reporting agency that gathered data on radiation-related accidents help reduce the number of radiation therapy errors in the future? Having a central reporting agency that gathered data of radiation-related accidents could prevent future overdoses, misadministration, and deaths or near deaths.These data can train future and present doctors from doing these incidents, allows the agency to monitor the use of the machine and especially creates a safety environment. If these accidents were to occur more than once than the managers are the MIS could take in the machines for a more detailed examination, changing the policy and procedures. Also reporting the radiation therapy errors can used to teach future doctors, technicians, medical operators about it so they would not make the same mistake again. At the same time this can save many lives that was once put into danger due to the lack of knowledge, carelessness, and laziness. . If you were in charge of designing electronic software for a linear accelerator, what are some features you would include? Are there any features you would reduce? If I were in charge of designing electronic software for a linear accelerator some features I would include a check list that is implant within the machine ensuring that everything goes smoothly, a safety button which allows the machine to alert the doctor or technicians that something went wrong and will automatically shut down if the machine seems to malfunction that can do harm to a patient.Making sure that the software is doing its job in saving peoples lives, the software will go through multiple of examination until it is working at its potential. Every time the system seems to malfun ction it will be sent back to the manufacturing for fixing. I would avoid what happened to those patients that died because of the manufacturers error. Anything that was at fault will be avoided and things will be done properly and precisely to ensure every part of the machine is working. Work Cited Laudon, Kenneth and Laudon, Jane. (2012). Management Information Systems Managing the digital film (5th ed. ). Pearson Education Canada.

Curriculum Provides An Emerging Leader Education Essay

In this class, you lead develop the cognition and skills of an instructional leader who also efficaciously manages quarrel of choose and direction. The class assignments will steer you as you increase your leading abilities in the countries of course of education direction, application of body politic jurisprudence and topical anaesthetic policy as they relate to curriculum and direction, and campus betterment proposening.In this hebdomad s assignment, you will magnetic core up needed course of submit constituents and towering inculcate starting time demands, depict the constituents of the teatime learning arrangingand do suggestions for betterment, and roll up informations to get down decision-making on alearner-centered staff ripening session. This hebdomad, you shouldidentify and sum up the constituents of a state-required course of study.analyze the constituents of the TEA acquisition system and do suggestions for betterments.analyze state-generated informations and a Campus Improvement Plan for the intentof decision-making.RubricUse the spare-time activity glossary to steer your function.AccomplishedProficientUnaccep deferPart 1 Summary of Curriculum RequirementsClearly summarizes the demands of the Texas-mandated course of study with seven paragraphs one for each constituent.( 3 points )Summarizes the demands of the Texas-mandated course of study. Not each seven constituents addressed.( 2 points )Does non sum up the demands of the Texas-mandated course of study.( 0 points )Part 2 TEA Learning scheme ComponentsEfficaciously summarizes the commonwealth and local commissariats of the TEA acquisition system.( 3 points )Summarizes the province and local commissariats of the TEA acquisition system.( 2 points )Does non sum up the province and local commissariats of the TEA acquisition system.( 0 points )Part 3 Gathering Datas for Decision MakingBrands an in-depth analysis of AEIS informations and a CIP to choose a nub country and make for a learner-centered staff cultivation session.( 3 points )Analyzes AEIS informations and a CIP to choose a content bea/ coach for a learner-centered staff development.( 2 points )Does non analyse AEIS informations and a CIP to choose a learner-centered staff development subject.( 0 points )MechanicssFew to no mistakes in grammar, spelling or punctuation.( 1 point )Responses lack lucidity and deepness and/or multiple mistakes in grammar, spelling or punctuation.( 0 points )Week 1 Assignment Course of study and the TEA Learning dustPart 1 Summary of Curriculum RequirementsKnowledge of the province s needed course of study provides an emerging leader with a foundation for determination devising. In this portion of the assignment, you will analyze what Texas jurisprudence says astir(predicate) course of study.DirectionsFrom your Web reference box, entree the TEA Web sitehypertext transfer protocol //www.tea.state.tx.us/rules/tac/chapter074/index.html.take and analyze the underme ntioned subdivisions of the Texas Administrative Code, Title 19, Part II74.1 Essential Knowledge and Skills74.2 Description of a Required Elementary Curriculum74.3 Description of a Required Secondary Curriculum74.4 incline wording Proficiency Standards74.62 Minimum uplifted School Program74.63 Recommended High School Program74.64 Distinguished doing High School Program-Advanced High School Program( Note Requirements changed as of the 2007-2008 teach twelvemonth, and A74.63 and A74.64 reflect the new 4 ten 4 demands. )Compose a two-page sum-up of the seven constituents. Include at least one paragraph on each subdivision. Type your paper in the expandible box below.Summary of Curriculum RequirementsStudents atomic number 18 required to have the basic or indispensable cognition and accomplishments course of study which consist in general of the nucleus course of study. The bulk of the nucleus course of study consists of the rudimentss in English, Math, Science and Social Studies . Students atomic number 18 besides entitled to an enrichment course of study that consists of wellness and physical instruction, foreign linguistic communications, totally remedy humanistic disciplines and categories of that nature.Elementary course of study consists of taking the same nucleus categories as mentioned before in the old paragraph. The timeframe for this goes from kindergarten to the fifth class.Secondary course of study consists of a much wider range of categories get downing with grade 6 and reasoning with the pupils s graduation at the decision of their 12th grade twelvemonth. disturb downing their 9th class twelvemonth, pupils essentialiness be given the chance to take foursome old ages English, four old ages of math and scientific discipline all(prenominal) bit good as World Geography, World History and US History. Government and Economics must be offered as good. Along with these nucleus categories, pupils must be given the chance to gain recognition in categories runing from wellness and engineering to any given foreign linguistic communication category.English verbiage Proficiency Standards require ESL pupils to be mainstreamed into categories to supply them with the least restrictive acquisition environment. The course of study is chiefly concerned with supplying pupils with the societal ken every bit good as the academic consciousness to be successful as an ESL pupil. The end is to supply adequate academic support to enable pupils to be successful non merely in an academic environment but besides in societal scenes every bit good.Under the Minimum High School demands, pupils must go through four old ages of English with one of the four old ages being a Research based English category. You must go along two old ages of scientific discipline and 2 and a half assign of Social Studies. A pupil must hold 5 and a half credits of electives along with 3 credits in Math. The remainder of a pupil s credits ar chiefly made up of half credits in engineering, wellness and economic sciences categories that must number 22 credits in order to graduate.In the Recommended Plan, pupils atomic number 18 required to gain 24 credits in order to graduate. The nucleus classs consist of 4 English credits every bit good as 3 credits in Science and Math. The biggest leaving between this weapons platform and the minimal program is the fact that in the recommended program, pupils argon merely required to give 3 and a half credits in elected classs.A high school pupil must besides obtain 24 credits in order to graduate with the Distinguished Plan. The demands are really similar to the old demand programs mentioned antecedently in this transition. Three Math and Science credits, four English credits, three and a half Social Studies credits and 3 Foreign Language credits make up the bulk of the nucleus demands. As with the Recommended Plan, the needed figure of elected credits goes down to 2 and a half alternatively of than 3 and a half.Part 2 TEA Learning System ComponentsIn this subdivision of the assignment, you will depict the minimal province commissariats of the six constituents of the TEA acquisition system, desirable local commissariats for each constituent, and your advance thoughts for betterment.DirectionsReview the constituents of the TEA acquisition system in the Week 1 talk and the information you gathered in Part 1 of the assignment. As you review, think about desirable local commissariats for each constituent. See strengths and failings in local commissariats.Access the Texas Education Code at hypertext transfer protocol //tlo2.tlc.state.tx.us/statutes/ed.toc.htm and/or the Texas Administrative Code, Title 19, ( TAC ) Part II Texas Education Agency at hypertext transfer protocol //www.tea.state.tx.us/rules/tac/index.html. Peruse these sites for more information about the TEA acquisition system constituents.Collaborate online with two co-workers to bar the tabular array on the TEA acqui sition system by depicting the minimal province commissariats, desirable local commissariats for each of the six constituents, and your preliminary suggestions for betterment. Your suggestions may alter after finishing the class.TEA Learning System ComponentsCollaborator 1Collaborator 2ComponentMinimal State ProvisionDesirable topical anaesthetic ProvisionPreliminary Suggestion for ImprovementLearning GoalsStudents need to be able to read, compose, job solve, and use high order believing accomplishments in all needed topicsThe pedagogues at bottom a territory have a manus in finding what will be taught if they are chosen to be on the province panel.Current pedagogues should hold more of a pick in determing what should be taught. There is experiencing that the people who make a bulk of the determinations are confused from the schoolroom. The major suggestion for betterment is to allow teachers and decision makers at the local degree have more input in the student ends.Course of study DocumentsThe school territory is responsible for educating all of the pupils through the alliance of course of study. The course of study must consist of the ( 4 ) nucleus topics and enrichment course of study. The province of Texas has a system in topographic point where each territory do-nothing follow its instrucrional stuffs.Each school territory will hold the tractableness to find the procedure for choosing new instructional stuffs. The stuffs that are chosen have to be approved by the province with the exclusion of the enrichment topics. The cost will be shared by the province and the territorySome of the enrichment classs should be added to the foundation classs. In attempt to be a leader in the planetary economic system, the pupils in America need to be good rounded some of the enrichment classs can supply that if they are made compulsory.Instructional ProgramThe stuff that is taught must be portion of the needed course of study. The pupils will be presented the st uff in a assortment of different scenes. The province will let the instructor to learn the stuffs in a method that is suited. The province can put criterions when covering with lab powder magazine.The territory will do genuine what is being taught is aline with the province required course of study. The stuffs adopted by the territory will run into curriculum demands. Teachers will follow range and sequence to do true the aims are covered for each TEK. Teachers that teach a category that requires lab use will plan lessons that allow for clip to finish assignments.The province should plan a system that allows for instructors to learn capable affair and non concentrate on province mandated trial.Staff Development ProgramStaff Development should use the savant centered rule. This system relates to scholars and the acquisition procedure. The factors within the system are cognitive, metacognitive, motivational and affectional, and developmental/social/ single differences. This will use to everyone who is invested in the educational community.Districts will carry on staff development seminars that are relevant to the demands of the territory. The territory can seek the services of regional support staff or pedagogues within the territory to carry on the seminars.When staff development is conducted, develop a system where more than one seminar is conducted at the same locale. Each seminar is scheduled during clip slots which will let pedagogues to go to more than one seminar during the twenty-four hours. The pedagogue can besides take which seminar they want to go to. This will keep high involvement degree and conformity by pedagogues in each seminar.Measurement SystemThe measuring tool is called the Academic duty Indicator System. This system uses the consequences from the TAKS trial, some other province mandated trial, the advancement of ELL, dropout rate, completion rate and college preparedness. This study is available in the autumn of each twelvemonth. Th e study is divided into different classs to supply indepth information on the school staff, fundss, plans and pupils. This study focuses on answerability.The territory can practice the AEIS systems as a measuring tool to find how the territory is executing. The territory can utilize the informations to see which bomber groups need to be targeted for betterment. The territory can besides utilize it as a rewarding system for instructors who made drastic betterments with their pupils.The system needs to be adaptable to the territories. Some territories may non hold the available resources to fix pupils for the twenty-first century. The system needs to hold a graduated table that accounts for the lacks, at the same clip keeping teacher accountable for their pupils larning.Administrative ProceduresThe chief focal point of this strand is the Campus Improvement Plan, which is revised annually. The end of this program is student betterment for all subgroups. The program needs to be aligned with the territory and province guidelines. The virtuoso must besides be involved by doing certain the right classs are being offered.Each school in a territory will hold a Campus Improvement Plan that addresses the demands of their school. The headland will work with the site based commission to discourse thoughts to better the school.More instruction for pupils and staff on the new demand for high school graduation. Students need to be cognizant of the recognition demands under the Recommended and Distinguished Achievement Programs.How can understanding the constituents of the TEA acquisition system aid you in your work as an instructional leader?By understanding the constituents of the TEA acquisition system an instructional leader will hold the ability to relay the scholar ends to any individual who has an investing in the educational system. An instructional leader will be able to help in doing certain that the campus, territory, and province ends are aligned. As an instruct ional leader I can help in the acceptance of school instructional stuffs. I can do certain that the stuffs that are chosen are supported by the instructors and the stuffs will outdo function the pupils. I can help forces at the territory degree to do certain the course of study meets province guidelines. I can function as a liason between instructors and disposal to take relevant staff development chances. I can educate other instructor on the AEIS system and how the information aids the campus in finding what resources will outdo function our pupils.Why is of spell that an instructional leader better the constituents of the TEA acquisition system?It s of import that the instructional leader efforts to better the TEA acquisition system because the educational landscape is continually altering. With the usage of engineering in instruction, the system will necessitate to hold a engineering constituent. The constituents need to reflect the demand for growth twenty-first century schol ars. Besides as an instructional leader, you want to try to run into the demands of the pupils, irrespective of academic background.Part 3 Gathering Datas for Decision MakingA critical accomplishment for an instructional leader is the ability to do experimental determinations. You will pattern this accomplishment as you begin work on a learner-centered staff development session. You will choose a school-ideally 1 in which you work, reexamine its AEIS information and Campus Improvement Plan ( CIP ) , and choose a content area/objective for betterment. You are non required to show the staff development during this class, but you must hold a chief O.K. your docket and set up a clip with the psyche for presentation of the session.DirectionsAccess the 2006-07 AEIS Campus Reports at hypertext transfer protocol //www.tea.state.tx.us/perfreport/aeis/2007/campus.srch.html.Complete the signifier to choose a school and entree a campus study.Review the Academic Excellence Indicator System ( AE IS ) information, reply inquiries about the informations, and place four content countries that need betterment.Review the selected school s Campus Improvement Plan ( CIP ) . Answer inquiries about the informations, and turn up two aims for each of the four content countries identified in the AEIS informations.Based on the information, take one content-area and an aim within that content country as the focal point of a learner-centered staff development session.Experimental Reflection and Decision MakingIs there anything in the AEIS or CIP informations that you do non understand? If so, what would you coveting clarified?The one portion of the AEIS study that I did nt understand was the Acct Status label. Under that section of the study there was a class labeled Acct System , Non-Acct. System , Mobile , and Non-Acct Trial . I merely assumed that Katrina and Rita were hurricane evacuees. I would wish to derive more information on that section of the AEIS study.I besides nee d elucidation on how they calculated the per centum for all trial. The Numberss did nt fit the sums for the campus.What about the information surprises you? What about the informations concerns you?The Numberss that surprises and concerns me are the entire per centum for pupils who met criterions. I thought the pupils would ve performed better because of the resources that the school offers. Even though pupil public presentation showed a little addition, it is still ( 20 ) per centum points below province norm.How does the information tantrum with your feelings about how the pupils at this school are making?The information is surprising because of all of the plans and chances this school territory offers. I thought the pupils would hold performed better. The school has many an(prenominal) different resources that pupils can take advantage of to assist with TAKS aims. The school offers many after school plans, engineering related tools, and remedial resources. I think the school has so many good things that the pupils look to go involved in other activities and bury about the importance of acquiring aid with TAKS aims.Does it look to differ from what you have personally experienced? Did the pupils do every bit good as you and the school expected?The pupils typically performed good on trial that were given at the initiation of the testing agenda. As the yearss passed, pupils used more clip to take trial because they were fatigued and some pupils decided to hotfoot through the trial. Overall the pupils did make good.On the footing of the information you examined, in which countries of the course of study are pupils executing good?In the country of 9th Reading, pupils are executing at the mean province degree. Tenth grade Social Studies are executing ( 2 ) per centum points below province degree. Eleventh grade Language humanistic disciplines, pupils are executing to a higher place province degree. Eleventh grade Social Studies, pupils are executing ( 2 ) per centum points below province degree.On the footing of the information you examined, in which country ( s ) of the course of study are pupils executing ill? Why do you believe pupils are executing ill in those countries?In the country of 9th Math, pupils are executing ( 6 ) per centum points below province degree even though the pupil public presentation addition from the old twelvemonth. Tenth grade Language Arts, pupils are executing ( 6 ) per centum points below province degree. The pupils besides dropped in public presentation from the old twelvemonth. Tenth grade Math and Science showed the largest lessen in public presentation compared to province degrees. The pupil s per centums were lower than the old twelvemonth. Eleventh grade Math, pupils per centums increased but tonss were still over ( 10 ) per centum points below province degree. Eleventh grade Science showed an addition in public presentation but pupils were still below province degree.Complete the following tabular a rray to clear up content countries and aims that need betterment.Campus BowieDistrict ArlingtonPrincipal WilmothAEIS-Identified Content AreaClassAEIS Data EvidenceCIP-Identified AimsContent Area 1English/ Language humanist disciplines10thDropped 3 % 1 Cultivate a civilization to do profound larning through purposeful engagement cardinal. 2 Evaluate and supply auxiliary stuffs for the direction of special(a) English speech production pupils in all content countriesContent Area 2Science10thDropped 5 % 1 Instructional staff is provided with ongoing staff development and collaborative preparation in Profound Learning Experiences Design and Problem Based Learning Experiences. 2 Offer chances for redress in TAKS commandContent Area 3Mathematicss10thDropped 1 % 1 Instructional staff is provided with ongoing staff development and collaborative preparation in Profound Learning Experiences Design and Problem Based Learning Experiences. 2 Evaluate and supply auxiliary stuffs for the dire ction of limited English speech production pupils in all content countriesContent Area 4Mathematicss11th14 % below province norm 1 Offer chances for redress in TAKS command 2 Evaluate and supply auxiliary stuffs for the direction of limited English speech production pupils in all content countriesChoose a content area/objective for your learner-centered staff development. To make this, reply the undermentioned inquiryBased on the information, which content-area should be the principal s highest precedence? Explain why you think so.I think Mathematicss should be the topic that deserves the most run intoing. It seems that as the pupils progress to the following class the per centum disperse compared to the stae is going larger. The 9th class pupils showed a 5 % negative difference, 10th class pupils showed a 19 % negative difference, and 11th class showed a 14 % differenceHow can a leader use the AEIS to originate the development of an instructional focal point for a campus?An educ ational leader can utilize the AEIS informations to aim countries that need betterment. By analysing the information leaders can find which groups will necessitate particular attending. Leaderships can carry on staff development and attend workshops to turn to the shortages. The information can assist instructors concentrate on certain aims that were misunderstood. The information can besides assist different capable countries reference lacks in the stuff that is taught.

Literature and Life

The magic of reading is that it brings you to another place and olfactory propertying. At times it can make you smile with character, and other times make you gripe with him. Sometimes it may even allow the reader to identify with the characters. Reality can often be a lot bid a paper of literature, in that a person may be going through the exact same thing, or something similar, and be feeling the same panache. It is effortless to catch up with the tough and unspoken racial discrimination demonstrated in Nadine Gordimers Country Lovers as well as how the girl feels in Patricia Smiths What Its Like to Be a Black Girl (For Those of You Who Arent).In both readings you get a sense of the hardship the characters faced because of racism, the things that pot may do or allow to happen because it is so hard. Racism is something that we see, hear about, and maybe even experience in our everyday lives. It may be something that we do not express about, just like in the short story Cou ntry Lovers. The main characters Paul us and Thebedi were raised together since they were kids, Paulus was a albumen boy and Thebedi, a black girl. They played together and spent most of their childhood days with one another.As time goes by and they begin to grow up and the distance amidst the two also grow apart. However, the bond created between them as children is still in that location. Both Paulus and Thebedis p bents never forbad them from seeing each other but there was al elbow rooms this unspoken k immediatelyledge that they knew it was wrong because they always seemed to be hiding the fact that they did spend time together. An example of this would be when Paulus came home from school and brought Thebedi a gift She told her father the missus had given them to her as a reward for some works she had done-it was true she sometimes was called to help out in the farmhouse.She told the girls in the kraal that she had a sweetheart nobody knew about (Clugston, 2010). Both Paul us and Thebedi know that it is not okay to hold on to the affinity they had as kids. But they cannot help the feelings that consecrate grown for each other over the years. The schoolgirls he went swimming with at dams or pools on neighboring farms wore bikinis but the sight of their dazzling bellies and thighs in the temperateness had never made him feel what he felt now when the girl came up the bank and sat beside him, the drops of water beading off her dark legs the that points of life in the earth-smelling deep shade.They were not afraid of one other they had known one other always (Clugston, 2010). They had strong feelings for one another and execute them by having sexual relations. This went on for a while, and eventually Thebedi became pregnant. At this point her hand was asked for in marriage by Njabulo, since they had already had sexual relations her now husband did not question her being pregnant. The infant was very light and did not quickly grow dark as most African babies do. already at birth, there was on its head a quantity of straight, fine floss (Clugston, 2010).When Paulus found out that Thebedi had a baby, and that it was his, he didnt want allone to baring out. Dont take it out. Stay inside. Cant you take it away somewhere? You must give it to someone (Clugston, 2010). Because in the time period interracial relationships were looked down upon, and were unacceptable, Paulus felt like he had to do something before bothone found out the baby was his. When Paulus came to see the baby the next time Thebedi stayed outside as he killed their baby. The authorities came because they had hear there was a white looking child that was killed and brought charges against Paulus.There was not enough evidence to convict but the fact of the matter is that he killed his child and Thebedi did zippo to stop it. Thebedi could have prevented the babys death but seems to feel powerless against Paulus. I believe there is also a part of her that feels this way is better for everyone, this way they dont have to deal with the reality of their baby and how socially unacceptable it is. At the same time, I cant imagine it being easy knowing her baby, with the man she had extreme feelings for, is now dead and he is the one responsible.I believe even women today sometimes feel powerless against their men. I dont think it would be taken to the extent of killing a child, but some men dictate the relationship and how things should be. Even though interracial relationships are more socially acceptable nowadays, it is still difficult sometimes for people of different races to be together. Another example of racism is shown in the meter What Its Like To Be a Black Girl (For Those of You Who Arent) by Patricia Smith. Although this one is shown in a different way.In the poem the author describes what a girl has to do to be acceptable in the world as a black girl. Its dropping food coloring in your eyes to make them blue and Suffering their burn i n silence (Clugston, 2010). Because she is a black girl and in certain periods in time white people seemed to reigned supreme she tried to make herself look more socially acceptable, even at the cost of injuring herself. This poem shows the girl desiring to be white and to arrest in to that life, where she an walk around without being judged and looked down upon. Its popping a bleached white mophead over the kinks of your hair and primping in front of mirrors that traverse your reflection (Clugston, 2010). Just another example of putting yourself through pain to feel more accepted and not even wanting to see yourself the way you are because you feel ashamed. At the end of the poem, the infantile girl seems to feel more accepting of the fact she is black, even though she does not feel it is any easier at that point. its flame and fists and life according to Motown (Clugston, 2010). She has accepted that her life is following the way of her culture.It is not easy though and she mus t keep her guard, and her fists up. The poem, to me shows the struggles of a young girl because of societies view of people. It makes her life harder than it should be because of peoples ignorance about race and what everyone should be like. Racism is ugly and sometimes makes people feel like they need to budge themselves to be accepted. The girl was trying to lead a different life, one in which she was not judged and everyone would accept her. In both of these readings the authors showed the struggles people face because of racism.There are many different ways racism affects peoples lives, in the first story Country Lovers it was in a horrible way where an blameless child was murdered so no one would find out the love two people shared because it was socially unacceptable for the time. In The poem by Patricia Smith, the girl also injured herself to make herself acceptable. Both of these stories show the horrible things people do because of racism. It is not fair that an innocent child, who never knew any better had to die or that a young girl must physically hurt herself to change in order for things to be okay.There are times where life imitates literature, maybe the author used real experiences of people or situations that have happened or what they believe can happen. I am sure that when racism was extremely prevalent people did try to change themselves, all while hurting themselves or others. Nowadays racism is still around, maybe not to the item of what the readings spoke about but t is definitely here and horrible things happen because of it. Things such s hate crimes and murder, as well as people having procedures to change their appearance. I am sure we will see these things until the day everyone accepts each other the way they are.

Chapter Summary of Guns Germs and Steel

1. How creation came into existence was talked about along with the major advances in the worlds development. It is proven that humans did evolve from monkeys in Africa. thither is nigh arguments around if there were pre-Clovis people or not, but James Diamond says evidence wouldve been found by now. 2. The Maori and Moriori ar the descendants of the Polynesians. Because they had a larger and denser population, the Maori people were more technologically advanced with more complex societies and technology. Smaller populations only make things when there is an actual need.3. There was a big population shift in North America when the Europeans colonized America and almost eliminated the Native American population. The Spanish conquistadors were Christians, who used matinee idol as their reasoning behind actions. So, when the Incan emperor and heir died of small pox, the Spanish used their communication skills to easily defeat the Incas. 4. The production of food is in truth importan t to a successful society, because food means more people. Domesticating animals also comes with its benefits such as milk, meat, tools, labor, and transportation.For example horses were used in warf are. 5. There was a word revolving around why well eat up areas didnt do food production. The earliest places that did adopt food productions were Iraq, Mexico, and the Andes. 6. Ancient farming often had many diseases associated with it along with malnourishment and younger deaths. Usually people would do a combination of hunter gathering and farming. Mainly the only people who would not survive are the ones who could not farm because of geographical reasons. 7. Wild plants became crops through genetic modifications.For the purpose of reproduction, tasty plants had bitter seeds, so animals wouldnt eat the seeds. 8. This chapter discussed why the Fertile rounded thrived as well as it did. Three possible answers could be the climate, self-pollination, and the ancestor crops. The begin ning of the chapter also duologue a lot about why some locations used agriculture and some did not. There were many theories to this question. 9. The definition of a domesticated animal is an animal selectively bred in captivity and thereby change from its wild ancestors, for use by humans who control the animals breeding and food supply.Elephants and zebras are both capable of being domesticated, but no one has been successful at it yet. The most successfully domesticated animals have all come from Eurasia. 10. The axis and Earths rotation have an venture on the continent. Trade tends to move farther east and west, because they share the same day length, diseases, seasons, and climate. 11. Germs and infections had a huge affect on crops and animals. People develop prerogative to certain diseases. Sometimes though infections can spread real slowly, which makes it act more effectively because no one discovers it.12. The ability to write and its importance was discussed in this c hapter. A societies comprehension is shown through its writing. A writing system has three basic get downs a sound, syllable, and word. The basic structures for many writing systems were based off The Sumerians and the Mesoamerican people. 13. Diamond says that there are a few parts for an invention to be used and wanted. It has to have an economic advantage and match the quest of society. It also must have social significance. 14. This chapter talks about the organization of a society.There are many levels of organization. The levels are a band, tribe, chiefdom, state, and kleptocrat. The chapter discusses what each one was and talks about the roles of each one along with its strengths and weaknesses. 15. Even though Australia had some of the best technology, it didnt ever attack Europe. Australia was known to isolate itself along with new-fangled Guinea. New Guinea was geographically isolated and progressed slowly for a few reasons. For example their crops didnt have significan t protein and there were no diseases to keep intruders out. 16.China stayed very isolated and unified politically. Language was also discussed. Language changes and evolves into different languages, because when people invade the area they bring their own words and phrases that then become part of the local language. 17. A language that did not change was Polynesias. This has an unknown reason why. The Austronesians did have the largest population expansion in the last 6000 years. They attacked New Guinea and killed the legal age of the New Guineans. 18. Eurasia did not successfully take over all the Native Americans.The Eurasians were use to working with domesticated animals, but there were not many domesticated animals there. Even though they couldnt really use the animals, with the use of guns, germs, and steel the Eurasians had a huge advantage over the Native Americans. 19. Africa is predominately bootleg for the reason that the black people owned the largest area. The black farmers attacked the Pygmy homeland and took their language. They also did this to the Khoisans. Africa didnt domesticate animals until much later.

Lehman Brothers Ethical Reasoning

Describe the maculation at Lehman Brothers from an morals perspective. Whats your opinion of what happened there? The respectable issue here was that Lehmans executives put-upon loopholes in the score standards to manipulate their balance sheet in order to mislead the investing public. utilize Repo 105, Lehman was able to clear huge amount unprofitable assets off its balance sheet sooner of selling at loss. Evidence pointed out that the chief executive, Richard Ruld, knew approximately the use of it just now faked ignorance in defence.Even the auditors from Ernst and unseasoned knew about the use of the suspicious Repo 105 but chose to keep quiet. I believe that the prime aim behind the carry was to retain investors confidence by cloging a plummet in stock charge. Hence, the significance was that Lehman was projecting a false image of its strong financial position, meaning that its stock price was overvalued. finished falsified accounting reports, investors were trick ed into believing that their investments were safe, incurring huge losses when Lehman defaulted. Investors lost faith.The consequences were devastating as it created a general crisis of confidence in the banking industry as all other banks froze lending to reduce their exposure of Lehmans undesirable Repo 105. Lehmans employees suffered too as they lost their jobs overnight. Could anything be done differently at Lehman Brothers to prevent what happened? Explain. After extensive research, it was appargonnt that a written Code of Ethics was present at Lehman Brothers. However, for an morals code to be effective, the tone at the crest executives needs to be set upright so that the entire organisation can feel connected to the firms ethical values and beliefs.The lucid failure we witness in Lehmans case was that the exculpate management, led by Ruld (CEO) and Erin Callan (CFO), were guilty of wrong negligence and wrongdoing. Therefore, it is vital for the Shareholders to screen with their selection of the Board of Directors extremely stringently to ensure the employment of the right leaders. As the top management was already corrupted, the Ethics Programs at Lehman had limited use in ensuring the upholding of the Ethics Code, as these top executives can wield their axe down on any whistleblowers that puts their military unit in jeopardy.This was the exactly what happened at Lehman, when whistleblower Matthew Lee, was axed. Therefore, Lehman needs to ensure that ethical leaders are at helm for this control mechanism to work, so that the Ethics Code can be reinforced through compliance-based ethics programmes to serve as determent. Simultaneously, integrity-based ethics programmes must come into play to instill and influence an item-by-item responsibility for upholding ethical behaviour, with compliance continuously playing the role of monitoring, to prevent any future reoccurrences.On top of this, Lehman could have adopted the Moral Rights Approach to b ase their decision on whether their behaviour was ethical or unethical. Using this approach, they would not have committed fraudulent accounting, as it violates the natural rights that investors deserve from the use of their accounting report which is to provide a faithful and accurate representation of the company for investors to evaluate investing decisions. some other preventive approach is the Fairness or Justice Approach to assist Lehman in weighing their ethical decision.The top executives decisions impact many groups of stakeholders, and the fraudulent acts only brought about harm to all stakeholders involved, as could be seen from the negative repercussions of the banks default shareholders losing money, employees losing jobs, other banks losses due to lending to Lehman, publics loss of confidence and stock markets crashing. If they did go about reporting their losses honestly, perhaps their stock price and profitability will fall, but at least the negative impacts woul d be localised within the firm, sort of of triggering a banking shockwave.After all the public uproar over Enron and then the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to protect shareholders, wherefore do you think we still continue to see these types of situation? Is it unreasonable to expect that businesses can and should act ethically? Analysing from the concept of Organisational Code of Ethics, it can be easily deduced that ethical failures from organisations usually stems from the individual ethics component. Unlike societal ethics and professional ethics which are based on established affectionate norm and a certain set of standards, individual ethics is the only component that is not conformed to a certain enchmark. Every individuals ethics differ from one another as it is mold from the influence of their upbringing. While honesty can be ones core value, it can likewise be the most neglected value of another. As seen from the case studies of Lehman and WorldCom, personal intere st and greed of the top executives to remain in power motivated them to trample on ethics, resulting in their obstructionist approach. Managers must freshman understand that ethical decision making is dynamic and every element must be guardedly weighed to prevent unethical issues.In applying the five ethical notions, it can be argued in Lehmans case that handling brings about apparent utilitarianism for everyone ( high stock price for shareholders, more bonuses for employees, stronger creditors faith and higher managements bonuses) in the short run. However, it is not justified for the stakeholders to be denied their fundamental rights of having accurate information of the bank, nor is it fair and justifiable that it brings about harm for all stakeholders in the long run when it went bust. It is very reasonable to expect businesses to act ethically.This could maybe be achieved through a two pronged approach. The first, which aims to resolve unethical issues in the long run, requ ires the need for a stronger emphasis on rearing. Simple as it may sound, but the lack of ethical education is extremely glaring. In this profit driven world, where money speaks louder than anything else, there seems to be a shift towards higher reward and recognition for profits rather than ethical behaviour. Education serves as the most effective and fundamental way to resolve and prevent unethical issues altogether as it tackles the root of the problem to instill the right mindset.The second, perhaps shorter term measure, deals with governance. To prevent the evil temptation of dishonesty, there needs to be much harsher consequences and deterrence, much(prenominal) that temptation will vanish upon thought of the possible sentences that potential manipulators will face. Currently, the punishments of fines and jail terms are simply not severe enough to deter off such seduction of greed. With a softer but more effective measure through education to correct mentalities in the long run, and a harsher deterrence factor in the short term, ethical behaviour can be definitely be achieved.

A paragraph on APA citation Racism in Middle East Essay

Racism is one of the biggest challenges for great deal living in Middle eastward. It exists between domestic citizens and foreigners, across the ethnic groups and religions. Although religion could be the totally way to integrate people, it has not been possible and instead it forms part of racism. Akbaba (2009 p. 324) argued that, the deliberate and selective restrictions on religious minority groups may strengthen the ethnoreligious identity of those groups. Racism is the main ca habituate conflicts and wars among communities thus hindering it socioeconomic progress and as a result, the society lives in poverty. According to Ahmed, Nicolson, & Spencer, (2000) racism hinders populations from getting education and travel their career thus their literacy progress being hindered. Therefore, it is important to find solution in the region so that people could assume their socioeconomic roles to improve their lives. However, this has not been an easy task to Middle East. Poor pla que and political interference had led to worsening of the situation through trying to get solution through force by police officers and other authorities rather than solving it. The executive and legislative measures that get hold of followed these initiatives entertain included mass arrests, secret and indefinite detentions, prolonged detention of material witnesses, closed hearings and use of secret evidence, government eavesdropping on attorney-client conversations, FBI home and work visits, wiretapping, seizures of property, removals of aliens with technical visa violations, and mandatory special registration, (Semati, 2010 p. 265). escape of racism solution in Middle East can be attributed to selfish leaders who would alike(p) to remain in power for longer time and ignorant citizens who are not concerned just about their development of the region. According to Ahmed et al, (2000) people in Bangladesh are aware of racism and its effects but have no time to so lve the issues. A solution to racism can be found through cour maturateous leaders who are informed and are concerned with the future of Middle East (Cohen-Almagor, 2013 Karsh, 2012 Baumann, 2013).ReferencesAhmed, B., Nicolson, P., & Spencer, C. (2000). The cordial construction of racism the case of second generation Bangladeshis. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 10(1), 41-46.Akbaba, Y. (2009). Who discriminates more? comparing religious discrimination in Western democracies, Asia and the Middle East. Civil Wars, 11(3), 321-358Baumann,, L. (2013). The impact of national culture on project management in the Middle East. Lars Baumann, Cohen-Almagor, R. (2013).The failed peace process in the Middle East 1993-2010. Israel Affairs. N.p Karsh, E. (2012). The Middle Easts real apartheid. Journal for The Study of Antisemitism, p. 38.Semati, M. (2010). Islamophobia, culture and race in the age of empire. Cultural Studies, 24(2), 256-275.Source document

“What Factors Contribute to Infant Mortality in Developed and Less Developed Countries?”

What factors contribute to infant fatality swan in positive and less developed countries? sister mortality is the number of demises among live-born infants from birth to under climb on one (Sidscenter. org, n. d. ). According to a National Vital Statistics Report in 2006, the leading causes of baby death rate in the U. S. were deformities, low birth weight, Sudden infant Death Syndrome, maternalistic complications, unintentional injuries, respiratory affliction of the newborn, bacterial sepsis, neonatal haemorrhage and diseases of the circulatory system (Heron, M.P. , Murphy, S. L. , Xu, J. Q. , Kochanek, K. D. , & Tejada-Vera, B. , 2006). Stu fall ins show that in less developed countries well-nigh the world some factors contributing to infant mortality are economic development, level of knowledgeal attainment, level of female educational attainment and level of expenditure on public health (Nobles, J. , Shandra, J. M. , & London, B. , 2003). In develop countries aroun d the world, many actions need to be taken to decrease the infant mortality rate.Because of low female education about pregnancy, unlike in developed nations, women are not aware of the importance of breastfeeding in the first six months of a newborns life, vital antibodies are given to the child done breastfeeding. Babies in underdeveloped countries who are supplemented with tap water are at risk of infection because of defilement due to the inadequacy of sanitation systems, this means children can die from infection, or, more commonly, dehydration from diarrhoea.In countries with malaria carrying mosquitos and early(a) disease carrying insects, the use of insecticide sprayed quiescence nets is avail adequate to(p), but due to low income, the cost of these nets, around tail fin dollars, is a large percentage of many peoples gross incomes (Balbierz, A. N. n. d. ). The goal of these nets is the protection of quiescency infants from contractile diseases (Balbierz, A. N. n. d. ) . Vaccination is another authorised way to prevent disease and therefore, infant mortality. UNICEF developed a network of vaccine refrigerators and trained health care workers that were strategically placed in disease soft on(p) areas of developing countries. (Peck, P. , 2003). Nutrition for all people as well as mothers and infants needs to be turn to in these underdeveloped nations, prenatal and postnatal care, vaccination and health promotion would all help in reducing the infant mortality rate in many countries around the orld, as well as increasing the health and quality for life for all the people in these countries (Peck, P. , 2003). The Academy for Educational Development, AED, is an cheek that is working hard to make infant mortality rates decrease, each day 80 newborns die in Mali, every three hours a woman in Mali dies due to complications from pregnancy or childbirth (Academy for Educational Development AED, 2004).The AED has created a team of 20 people including a mid-wife, paediatrician, statistician, economist, sociologist, and educator these people necessitate reviewed both local and international surveys, studies, and reports to estimate the cost of inadequate maternal and newborn health operate in terms of the number of lives lost and the economic impact on their country (AED, 2004). Two shipway this team of professionals plans to address infant mortality in Mali is by the Reduce and Alive approaches.The Reduce dodge will look at mothers not seeking help in time, not being able to evanesce health care services due to lack of transportation, and the delay of help when they do reach hospitals or clinics. The Alive strategy will look at the cleanliness of the delivery and the cutting of the umbilical cord, the housecoat of the baby in blankets and the cleaning of the baby after delivery, and breastfeeding lessons soon after birth.Breastfeeding is one of the most important factors in this strategy, especially because of the Colostrum w hich is produced in the mothers mammary glands which helps build the infants immunity. Income, education and medical checkup care are key factors in the infant mortality rate in underdeveloped countries, as well as residential area influence and its social and economic wellbeing, an infant needs support from family, community and the government to ensure infant survival (Buckely, K. A. , Koontz, A. M. , & Casey, S. , 1998). child mortality in developed countries is declining in recent years, in Australia the Infant Mortality Rate is higher due to the deaths among Indigenous infants. The decrease in the measure of deaths is largely due to improvements in social public health conditions, immunisation, and antibiotics. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome has been trim back due to the education of mothers in wrapping their children tightly and placing them on their back or side when sleeping (New South Wales Department of Health, 2008). The main causes of Infant Mortality in developed cou ntries is eformities that develop during the growth of the foetus in the womb, disorders developed due to premature births and low birth weights, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, maternal complications during pregnancy, and respiratory distress in a newborn (International Medical News Group, 2004). Unlike in underdeveloped countries, lack of education and penury is not as much of a prevalent cause for the death of infants, developed countries also have less exposure to diseases, especially ones carried by insects etc.However, when we look at the highest Infant Mortality Rates around the world, and discover that they are highest in poor and underdeveloped countries, we cannot lease its causes are only present in here. For example the Indigenous people of Australia have higher Infant deaths because they are not educated as well as caucasian citizens, their involvement in the education system is often small and their socio-economic status is often low (Richer, K. , Godfrey, J. , Parting ton, G. , Harslett, M. , & Harrison, B. , 1998).All around the world developed countries have ghettos or poor areas, and in these areas similar conditions could be causes of Infant Mortality like in underdeveloped nations. Infant Mortality cannot be eliminated, but it can be combated and reduced significantly worldwide. open Health issues are highly affected by poverty, to which there is no solution. Even though poverty does make the Infant Mortality Rate a lot higher, it does not mean the mortality rate discriminates to one class of people either. Infant Mortality is found in all income levels, urban and awkward areas, in all countries all over the world.In 2004, the Institute of Medicine said that a lack of health insurance coverage causes 18,000 unnecessary deaths per year (James, J. S. , 2010) in the U. S. alone. This could be reduced significantly, and with volunteers and international cooperation, Infant Mortality Rates can be reduced. BIBLIOGRAPHY Academy for Educational De velopment. AED Advocacy Models Help Combat Infant and Maternal Mortality. Retrieved promenade 29, 2010, from http//www. aed. org/News/Stories/reduce-and-alive. cfm Balbierz, A. N. (n. d. ). Infant Mortality. Retrieved marchland 29, 2010, from http//www. cwru. du/med/epidbio/mphp439/Infant_Mortality. htm Buckely, K. A. , Koontz, A. M. , & Casey, S. (1998). Fetal and Immortality Review. Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http//www. acog. org/departments/dept_notice. cfm? recno=10&bulletin=4752 Heron, M. P. , Murphy, S. L. , Xu, J. Q. , Kochanek, K. D. , & Tejada-Vera, B. Deaths final data for 2006. National Vital Statistics Reports, 57(14). International Medical News Group. (2004). Top five causes for infant mortality. OB/GYN News. Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0CYD/is_10_39/ai_n6078883/ James, J. S. (2010).Institute of Medicine Calls for Universal Health Insurance by 2010. Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http//www. aidsnews. org/2004/01/IOM. hype rtext mark-up language National Sudden and Unexpected Infant/Child Death & Pregnancy Loss Resource Center. Definitions. Retrieved March 28, 2010, from http//www. sidscenter. org/definitions. html New South Wales Department of Health. (2008). International rankings of infant mortality. Sydney Report of the Chief Health Officer. Nobles, J. , Shandra, J. M. , & London, B. (2003). Dependency, Democracy, Education, and Infant Mortality A Quantitative, Cross-National Analysis of Less Developed Countries.Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta Hilton Hotel, Atlanta, GA Online . 2009-05-26 from http//www. allacademic. com/meta/p107575_index. html Peck, P. (2003). 11 Million Forgotten Children. Retrieved March, 29, 2010, from http//www. countercurrents. org/archive02-01150703. htm Richer, K. , Godfrey, J. , Partington, G. , Harslett, M. , Harrison, B. (1998). Attitudes of Aboriginal students to further education. Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http//www. aare. edu. au/98pap/ric98095. htm

Dressing for Success

Robert Johnson Eng. 099 Fran Bradshaw Feb. 5, 2010 stuffing for Success Have you ever thought that dressing for success could bring about success to your daily life? A lot of bulk these days as far as young hands and women usually dress in a very urban style dealing with clothes that whitethorn be nice except atomic number 18 often worn incorrectly. For example somebody could affirm on a nice pair of Levi jeans but wear them to where they sag all the way withdraw of their quarter which is improper and just doesnt look good.People also try to wear clothes that tend to be too big yet they still wear it which is funny to me, but not funny in the eyes of a business man or somebody important who may be watching. You never know who could be watching thats why I feel young men and women should acquaint themselves to be presentable, as strong as professional, because root impressions are everything in society. How you bonk off to people and show yourself matters so much in socie ty. As your first impression you should want to come off as a well dressed individual.Before people even meet you if they see that youre well dressed thats want a bonus for you because theyll appreciate you more. People will know that you require yourself in a professional manner, and wont treat you as just who doesnt matter, but a man or women of importance. Also dressing nicely shows that you have a good complimentsfulness for yourself and if people see that just off of how you dress they will have way more respect for you. This can also help in any business venture you take, because what boss doesnt like to see a potential or future employee who shows himself to look good and be professional.Which leads me to why feeling professional is also a benefit of dressing well. As young men and women we strive to anticipate a well pay job whether in school or out of school. With well paying jobs comes an interview which looking professional is one of the keys to existence viewed a mongst the rest of the people who may be departure for the same job you are. Not even in just a job setting, but in school as well with any teacher treating you better just for the simple fact that you come to class looking ready to learn.Also if you ever thought while you were in school that you may have wanted to pledge a fraternity or sorority, then looking professional might set up you looked at as a potential choice for either one. Along with dressing for success being presentable is key. You must show that youre not the same as everybody else but different in your own way. Everybody these days can put on a sheath, but it takes the person inside the suit to really present there selves in a unique way from everybody else.You should present yourself to where it really shows who you are as an individual. Dont set yourself up for failure and dress to where you present yourself as mortal who is just like everybody else. In conclusion dressing for success deals with three things looking professional, being presentable, and your first impression. Even then its on you to strive to stand out amongst other people as person who dresses not simply to look good but for respect and admiration. That in its self is deserving dressing for success every day.